Abstract: When creating a digital composite of, for example, two people standing side-by-side, it is often difficult to match the lighting conditions from the individual photographs. Lighting inconsistencies can therefore be a useful tool for revealing traces of digital tampering. Borrowing and extending tools from the field of computer vision, we describe how the direction of a point light source can be estimated from only a single image. We show the efficacy of this approach in real-world settings.
@inproceedings{johnson-farid05,
url = {http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/farid/publications/acm05.pdf},
booktitle = {ACM Multimedia and Security Workshop},
author = {Micah K. Johnson and Hany Farid},
year = {2005},
title = {Exposing digital forgeries by detecting inconsistencies in lighting},
address = {New York, NY},
}